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KMID : 0365220180550020022
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Korean Journal of Public Health
2018 Volume.55 No. 2 p.22 ~ p.30
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Determinants of Indoor PM2.5 Concentrations in Ger, a Traditional Residence, in Mongolia
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Ahn Ju-Young
Song Lim
Jung Won-Geon
Ochir Chimedsuren
Lee Ki-Young
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Abstract
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Objectives: Use of coal by residents of ger, the traditional Mongolian residence, is a major cause of increasing indoor PM2.5 concentrations. While high-level of indoor PM2.5 concentrations of ger have been reported in the previous studies, the contributions of daily activities, such as indoor coal burning, cooking and smoking to the indoor PM2.5 concentrations have not been clearly determined. The aims of this study were to determine the factors of indoor PM2.5 concentration in ger and to quantify the effect of them on both average and real-time indoor PM2.5 concentrations.
Methods: PM2.5 concentrations of gers and dwellings were measured in winter over three years. During the measurement, information of residents’ indoor activities were observed. Multiple regression was carried out with daytime average indoor PM2.5 concentration as a dependent variable. In order to determine the effect of indoor activities on real-time indoor PM2.5 concentration, the peak analysis was performed.
Results: Indoor PM2.5 concentration and I/O ratio were significantly higher in gers than dwellings. Outdoor PM2.5 concentration and indoor smoking were significant factors affecting daytime average of indoor PM2.5 concentration in gers. Daily activity factors were associated with real-time PM2.5 concentration - average peak magnitude of 224.3 μg/m3 occurred with fuel addition, 260.1 μg/㎥ with cooking, and 407.7 μg/㎥ with indoor smoking.
Conclusion: Indoor PM2.5 concentration of ger was extremely high, even more than dwellings in adjacent area. The indoor smoking and outdoor air pollution affected average indoor PM2.5 concentration in ger. Daily activities of residents of ger such as fuel usage, cooking and smoking increased indoor PM2.5 concentration in a short time.
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KEYWORD
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Mongolian residence, indoor PM2.5 concentration, residents, activities
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